Gide biy jënd ak jaay ci suuf
Ma xool benn njiitu flot ci Riyadh sànni $180,000 ci ngërëm-acid ginaaw 14 weer. dencukaay bu sedd, ñetti coppite, mënu ñu woon tëye 15 degre. Sulfation bi dafay jeex ci plate yi. Ci 11 weer yi ñu ngi doon dem ba ci genn-wàllu donji.
Loolu mooy 2019. Jàppale naa liggéey bi ci LFP ci jamono jooju. Juroom at leegi, 87% ci kàttanu ñu ci pack yi njëkk.
Tasukaayu palantu Spec bi
Njuumte yi gëna bari ci jënd yi, maa ngi wàcci ngir topp lim yu baaxul yi. Ku nekk mingi fay $/kWh ci jënd. Loolu mën na am 35% ci li ngay dugal ci sa xaalis.
Dinaa dem ci TCO ci ginaaw, waaye bu njëkk: méngoo ak selil bi. Lii mooy variable kalite bi musul feeñ ci biir téere yiy wax ci njaay, te foofu la furnisër yi daggee koñ yi suñu bëggee dugg ci njëg.
Sudee dañuy saytu furnisër yi, toleransu selil yi mooy sama laaj bu njëkk. First {1}y defarkat yi méngoo nañu ak ±2.5% kàttan ak bañaale ci biir. Lan moo waral resistance bi ci biir réew mi gëna am kàttan ngir jëfandikoo- yu bari? Ndax soo amee selil yu paralel ak resistance bu jaarul yoon, courant bi du xaajaloo bu baax. Njariñ bu gëna suufe-res dafay gëna yokk sarge, gëna gaaw, gëna gaaw, ba noppi mujjee yóbbu paket bi yépp. MIT dafa bind ni 20% ci bañaale mbañeel yi dañuy wàññi dundu lu tollu ci 40% ci tolluwaayu decharge yu bari (sciencedirectrect.com).
At yu bari ci dundu serwiis bi dañuy réer ndax nit ku muccal $3 ci selil bu nekk ci méngoo.
Sistemu grade bi dafay gëna yokk. Ginaaw biñu ko sarsee, selul yi dañu boole ci Grade A, B, C, D. Grade A mooy spect{2}} spectrum ci ligne bi. Grade B mooy Grade A bi toog ci benn depo ci diiru ñetti wala jiroom benn weer. Specs médical ci këyit. Barina mbir yu nit mëna def ci tool yi.
Benn furnisër Shenzhen bi ñuy saytu mooy jaxase 15% ci selul B yi ci Grade B. Kàttan ci seen këyitu done. Seeni pack yi ñoo gënoon ñàkk 30% ci ñi ñuy joŋante ci benn njëg. Bima laajee seen tolerans bu méngoo, limu jaay bi mënu ma jox nimero. Loolu nettali ma lépp.
Waxtu formation itam amna solo, te daanaka kenn laajul ko. Formaasioŋ bu jaar yoon warna am charge {{1} cycle ak cycle bu gëna ndaw 15 fan ñu noppalu ngir bàyyi def sikk yu nëbbu. Furnisseur yi ci suufu pression marge bi lii. Selul yi dañuy yóbbante bu baax. Defet yi dañuy feeñ ci weer wi 8 soo demee ba weesu baraam bi- di taxawu stade bi.
BMS
Benn fii ndax ku nekk amna lu jafe lool.
Industrial-) ci biir-sibration: Njàngat yu néew wala ñu tollu ci 0.5% ci xam-xam bi am ci jamono jii. Aoto: Njariñ bu néew wala tollu ci 1%. Konsomatër bi: kan moo ko xam.
Etat-of- Lu ñuy boole xayma yi ci diir bu gàtt. Soo gisee drifts 2% ci jamono jii, yaa ngi tëj wala weesu-dicharge. Amul benn ci test yiñ nangu. Ñari mbir yooyu yépp dañu ray seen kanam lu weesu 18 ba 24 weer.
Balancing: mbalit yu pasif yi 5-10% ngir tàngoor, njëg bi gëna néew. Energie bi am ci diggante selul yi ci 95%+ efficacité, yokk $15-30 kWh. furnisër yu bari dañuy yóbbu passif ndax jëndkat yi xamu ñu ñuy laaj ñu am doole. Sudee dangay def occasion sarse, balance biy yëngu dafay fay ci diir bu néew ñaari at.
Loolu la. Demal ci.
Tàngooru yaram
Ma ñàkk lim ci ñaata lithium "fails" yu ma gëstu ni loolu mooy jafe-jafe yi ci yor termik.
Ci suufu 0 degre, bul sarse litium. Waxtu mbaax. Yaa ngi am litium metal plating ci anode bi ci barabu intercalation bu jaar yoon. yàqu-yàqu bu metti. Risku gu dal ci forme dendrite. Bépp dencukaay bu sedd wala seddal ci biti, fàww ñu boole tàngoor ak BMS. Faale wuma ni fiche spectre bi sa furnisër wax ci wàllu liggéey. Sudee mënu ñu leeral seen aar bu woyof- température ci lu leer, dox.
Lead-acid amna jafe-jafe yu wuute ci sedd bi. Ci suufu 15 degre, selul mbënd yi mënu ñu nangu charge bu mat sëkk. Yaa ngi daw ci 60 ba 70% ci kàttan gi, di gaawlu sulfation. Benn njiitu flot bu Canada xamnaa ni defa dugal $8,000 ci at bi ci saalu batëri yu tàng yi. Musu ma feeñ ci xeetu TCO bi njëkk ndax kenn laajul tàngoor ambient bi ñuy jaay.
Fippu bu kawe: LFP dafay yegg ba 60 degre balaa mbir yi di ñaaw. NMC dafa gëna seere, amaana 55 degre. Difference tàngooru pack dafa wara nekk ci suufu 5 degre . Wàllu liquid dafay def loolu waaye dafay yokk njëg ak toppatoo. Diiru air bi dafay liggéey sudee amul 2C bu wéy ak ambient bu nekk ci suufu 35 degre.
Ci dëgg, lii mooy li ma wara wax ci tàngoor wi. Tolluwaayu fiche spec bi dafay tekki ni selul yi duñu gaawa jeex. Duggal liggéey bu baax. Benn pack buñu jox ko 20 ba 60 degre mooy gëna gaaw ci mag ñi. Amoon nanu kiliyaan ci Phoenix di daw AGVs ci biti, te mënu ñu woon xam lu tax seen pack di dee ci 60% ci dundu cycle bu ñu jox ko. Ñu daal di tàmbali seen aparey ci biir jant bi ci diiru noppalu añ, di dóor 50 degre + saa yu nekk. Ci wàllu xarala. ray selul yi ci anam wu jaar yoon.
TCO
Dëgg la, nimero yi. Maa ngi jël lii ci projet Texas 3PL bu ñu def ci {2024. 50 ay forklift, ñaari- waxtu, jàngat 8 at:
| {0}}Acid | LFP | |
|---|---|---|
| Jënd bu njëkk | $325,000 | $580,000 |
| Weccoo @at 4 | $325,000 | - |
| Electricite (ñu ñàkk ci liggéey bi) | $142,000 | $98,000 |
| Liggéeyu sàmmonte | $87,000 | - |
| Jumtukaayu battery | $45,000 | $12,000 |
| Ay batëri ngir coppite yi | $195,000 | - |
| ci jamono jii | $68,000 | $15,000 |
| Lépp | $1,187,000 | $705,000 |
Fay ci weer 31. Delta bu $482,000 ci diiru 8 at.
Variables yiy barkeel lii: lim bi, tàngoor, occasion sarse. Benn ci barab yi ñuy saytu, mën nañu ni 36{5} {5} ; Multi-shift dafa dóor 24-30. dencukaay bu sedd bi mën na jeex ci diir bu weesuwul 18 weer.
Nu bind ci 13- weer ci kaw benn barab bu Dubai di doxal 23 kamioŋ Linde ci -18 degre. Seen ekipu toppatoo bi ñu ngi doon def 11 waxtu ayu-bis bu nekk ci ndox ak yamale. Post-xuur: nul.
Lu taab bi wonewul:
Oportunite sarse yàqu-yàqu. Daan yu am solo yi dañuy gaawlu sulfation sulfation, dagg dundu 30{40%. Sudee dangay topping ci kaw noppalukaay ci barabu cycle yu mat, sa TCO bu njëkk bi dafa gëna bon ci model bi. Litium fa fabwul.
Li ñuy laaj ci bëgg-bëgg. Képp kuy sarse ci coppite yi dafay soppi sa bëgg-bëgg. Soo sukkandikoo ci sa structure de commantation, charge yi ngay laaj mën nañu tëye sa faktiir ngir 12+ ay weer ci benn spike.
Battery imobilier. Lead-i sarse sarse soxla ventilation hydrogène, incitement asid, dafay faral di saytu klimaa bi. Benn santu distribution dafa am 400 pied carré ginaaw biñu soppi litium bi. Topp ko ci position module.
Valeur de residual. Pack LFP yi ci 70{2}}80% ci wérgi-yaram amna valeur resal dëgg ci ñaareelu {4}life. Perle-acid dafa xoosu. Ci horizon yi weesu 5 at, loolu dafay soppi NPV ci 8-12%.
Simi
| LFP | NMC | {0}}Acid | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Dund ci sicle @ 80% DOD | 2,000–5,000 | 800–2,000 | ~1,500 |
| Densité energy | 90–160 Wh/kg | 150–260 Wh/kg | 30-50 Wh/kg |
| DOD | 100% | 80% | 50% |
| Bàyi xel | 95–98% | 93–97% | 75–80% |
| Risk thérmique | Lu wàññeeku | Bunu yamale yamale | N/A |
LFP dafay muñ fitna. Decharge bu xóot, sarse bu yam, balansoir ci tàngoor. Bopp bu nekk ci kWh bu ëpp NMC, te loolu dafay am solo sudee danga am diisaay. Forklift ak AGV yi gëna bari duñu.
NMC dafa am solo sooy am solo, te mën nga jëfandikoo li ñuy laaj ci wàllu tàngoor. Dundug cycle bu gàtt, njëg bu gëna rëy. Warehouse yi daanaka duñu ko mëna jox.
Led{{0} }id ba leegi dafay tënk ba leegi ngir wàññi {1}ulization single- ngëneel ak infrastructure yi fi nekk te amul benn occasion. Xam nga bu baax ni yaa ngi def 4 at ci cycle yu ñuy wuutu ak toppatoo ayu-bis bu nekk.
Bit ci tangente, waaye dama wara jëflante ak kàttan ngir mëna jëfandikoo ay aplikaasioŋ yu diis - ndax maa ngi wéy di gis benn njuumte.
Benn pack 600kWh amul 2x li 300kWh pack. Dafa gëna ni 2.3{6{6}}2.5x. Doxalinu thermik ak eskaalu ingenieur structurel ci anam wu amul benn rëdd.
Nu méngale benn paketu oto bu 600kWh ak sistemu dencukaay bu 600kWh daaw. Selul yi, benn chimie. Vehicle pack: lu tollu ci $2.50/Fe ak seddal ndox ngir 3C, 800V architecture, architecture aluminium. Dekkuwaayu statation: lu tollu ci $1.15/Lees ak seddalu air, armoire acier. Pack oto bi dafay yokk ñaari yoon ndax 35% dafay dem ci wàllu tàngoor ak structure bu woyof.
Laajte ci mbir yu bari ci kàttan. Xoolal curve $/Wh.
Jaaykat yi
CATL amna lu tollu ci 38% ci kàttanu litium- quity. BYD beneen 16%. Chaîne de forage moo gëna mëna seentu lu ëpp juróomi at ci ginaaw, yeneen balluwaay yu néew sudee amna lu jaarul yoon ci sa furnisër bu njëkk.
furnisër yi ci réew mi mën nañu baax. Due digence amna solo. Xoolal li ñuy woowe serwiis ci sa geographie. Wutal royuwaayi instalaasioŋ yu am3+ at ci aplikaasioŋ yu noonu mel. Saytu bu baax ci wàllu xaalis. Gis nañu furnisër yu bari ñuy génn ci marse bi ci diiru 24 weer, bàyyi kiliyaan yi am pack $25,000 te amul benn ndimbal. Benn waay ci MHEDA ci ProMat neena ma daa ñàkk jumtukaayu serwiis bi yépp bi furnisër bi defee 18 weer ginaaw bi ñu ko dugalee.
Batëri yiñ defaraat: variance kalite lu metti la. Benn xarala forklift ci benn forum bu liggéey dafa wax ni "xeetu lottery, amaana 3 ci 10 ci 10 2{5} 3 at yi weesu, ñeneen ñi duñu am ay weer." Sooy xalaat refurb, laaj done yi ci wàllu selil ak gaaraati ci benn kompiñi bu am alal dëgg.
Laaji sa furnisër RFQ:
- Tollerance bu méngoo ak selil bi ci kàttan ak bañaale ci biir?
- Tolluwaayu ndonng A ? Politigu selul B yi?
- Diiru formation bi laata ngay am doom?
- Tolerance etalonnage BMS?
- Balancing wala pasif?
- Waxtu tontub regional?
- Ñatti royuwaay di doxal sa produit 3+ at ci sama xeetu aplikaasioŋ?
- Warranty dafay wax ni?
- Lan mooy dall gaaraati si sa société dafa fold?
Sudee mënu ñu tontu ci anam wu leer, loolu dina la wax ci seen liggéey.
ci biir
Danuy defar ay paketu LFP ngir oto yu am njariñ. 2012. Forklifts, AGV, wagon golf, jàppale ci suuf.
Duma def ni amul benn njariñ. Am nanu bëgg-bëggu jënd ak jaay ci wàllu litium. Lima mëna wax: kiliyaan yiy dellusi ngir yokk flot yi ñooy yi ñu jàppale ci jël dogal bu jaar yoon, doonte dogal boobu mooy "litium amul benn njariñ ci sa liggéey."
Amna benn kalkulatëru TCO ci kaw polinovelpowbat.com buy doxal say parametre. Oràŋ bi, tàngoor wi, kuuraŋ bi, infrastructure yi fi nekk. Du buntu. Sudee math bi du dox ci litium, kalkulatër bi daf lay wane.
Laaj:FEE
Done yu bawoo ci jëfandikoo Polinovel, BloombergNEF (bnef.com), dokimaa UgoWork, gëstub selil MIT (sciencedirectrect.com).
